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I will continue to write these (If you people actually enjoy them.) until I come across things I
do not yet fully understand.
First things first. To start programming you will need to get you a Compiler. There are several
free as well as a few Commercial ones. Unless you have a few hundred dollars to buy the Commercial
Compilers I suggest you get you a free compiler.
Here is a list of a few free compilers for Windows:
Linux and Unix come with a C/C++ compiler(I think). Just make sure you installed it and read the
manuals!
Okay. You'll need to download one of those compilers and read the manuals on them. I use Dev-C++.
If you have some questions using that specific compiler I might be able to help.
Let's get on with the code Shall we?
Windows users: Open up Notepad.
Dev-C++ : Just open it up and click on the new file icon.
*nix: Open up your favorite Text Editor. :)
1: #include <iostream.h>
2:
3: int main()
4: {
5: cout << "Hello World!" << endl;
6: return 0;
7: }
Go ahead and copy that little piece of code. (Starting with #include and ending with the last
} ) You can paste it or just type it up in the text editor. Save it as hello.cpp . The .cpp extention lets the compiler know it's a C++ Source File. To compile in Dev-C++ click on
the compile icon or Execute->Compile.
Note: The Remove the numbers. They are there only to help analyze the code!
You will have to read the instructions on how to compile it in Compilers other than
Dev-C++.
Congratulations! You are now a C++ Programmer!
On Windows Machines the application will close very quickly if you run it. THAT IS OKAY! We
will learn how to fix that later.. The point is you got the program to compile! Now let's break
down the code.
#include <iostream.h>
The first symbol is the pound symbol. It is a symbol to the preprocessor. (Any words that are links will link to another tutorial with
definitions in it. For now it DOES NOT EXIST)
After that is the word include. Together #include tells the compiler to include a
file into your program. It is just as you had written it in there yourself!
Iostream.h is called a header file and is included our program. Why?
Iostream stands for Input-Output-stream and is needed for cout, which
prints things to the screen. iostream.h is surrounded by a < and a >. This tells the
compiler to search in the 'include' directory for the file. iostream.h can also be
surrounded by Quotations like so: "iostream.h"
This tells the compiler to look in the current directory for the file. iostream.h is obviously not
in your current directory so leave the greater than and less than sign there!
Line 2 is just a blank line. It's just there as a part of whitespace.
Line 3 is the beginning of the Actual Program. On it is the main() function. Every C++ program has a main() program. When your
program starts it automatically calls main(). According to ANSI Standard we must state
main() to be int. This will be discussed in another tutorial.
Line 4 begins the body of the main() function. All functions begin with an Opening
brace ( { ) and a closing brace ( } ) just as main() does.
Everything inbetween is considered to be a part of the function.
Line 5 is what the program is all about! The object cout is used to print a message to the
screen. This is how cout is used:
You write cout followed by the output redirection operator ( << ). The operator is created
by hitting shift-comma twice. Everything after the < is printed to the screen. (Or atleast
tried to.) until it reaches a semi-colon. ;
endl is way to make the string go to a new line. You also put a \n in the string
instead of using endl like this:
cout << "Hello World\n";
If you want a string of characters to be written to the screen you put your text between two
Quotations: "Hello world!" like so! You then put a semi-colon at the end signifying
the end of the statement. Semi-Colons are somewhat like an English period. It tells the compiler
that a statement is over. You'll learn where to put them and where not to put them as we get
further into the tutorials.
Line 6 is a return statement. It returns 0 to close the program. It also ends in a
semi-colon. This will be discussed in more detail in a later tutorial!
Line 7 is just a closing brace and the end of our program. The closing brace is required to
'close' the function!
That's the 'hello world' program fully explained. You can experiment with outputting text by
simply making a couple more cout statements.
If anything is to complicated to understand or if I screwed up. >:) then be sure to let me know.
Please let me know if you would like anything more, want something explained in a little more
detail or whatever. I'll try my best to fix it!
- JARED | |
Other 4 submission(s) by this author
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| Your Vote! |
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| Other User Comments |
7/28/2001 11:17:34 PM:Mark Lu
This is an almost perfect tutorial.
I'll give you a rating of five! I love
this. Even though I'm half intermedite
in C++. This kind of thing starts it
out. It would be better if you teach
variables, scapnf, fprintf, printfm,
and loops. I also need to learn how to
make a window's program. Also how to
color text, select text position, draw
gifs, and buttons, etc.
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7/29/2001 12:29:21 AM:Jared Devall
I appreciate your feedback. I don't
really know much Win32api so I most
likely won't be putting a tutorial on
that. I'll teach variables in another
tutorial. (Just the basics in this one)
scanf fprintf and the others are mainly
C so I doubt I'll get into those. But I
will teach loops. :)
-Jared
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7/29/2001 12:40:59 AM:fatal
Mark... to make windows applications
you have to learn Win32 API, and learn
that stuff. Its <b>WAY</b> different
than console, just get a good
book.
<p>
And Jarid I thought i was a
great example, i will also go with 5.
I know my C++ tho, anyway its good for
begginers.
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7/29/2001 5:03:59 AM:Jared Bruni
win32 is easy :)
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7/29/2001 5:04:51 AM:Jared Bruni
I like the way you structured your
tutorial. So 5 globes
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8/1/2001 2:56:30 AM:Polat Kadir
I like this tutorial very much, and I
hope I will find more instructions
explained this way. Thank you,Jared!
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9/7/2001 11:42:12 PM:James
yes, this is kinda embarresing, but i
just made i small program using youy
tutorial & code & no matter what the
program always closes how do i fix
that? =) sorry i am a hopeless newbie!
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9/8/2001 12:34:24 PM:Jared Devall
Well you can open up your dos prompt.
Go into the directory that the .exe is
in and run it from there. The program
will still close but you will be able
to see the output because the dos
window will still be open. :)
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10/21/2001 8:07:41 AM:winsome pal
please send me more beginner
instructons for c++ as iam interested
to learn at this mail id-
mr_winsome_4u@yahoo.com
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11/15/2001 12:14:06 PM:Cuke
Hey Jared,
AWESOME tutorial. did a
really good job explaining the basics.
I gave it 5 globes. The only problem I
can see is you havn't made more yet. :)
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12/7/2001 2:39:08 AM:Beginner
This is the 1st C++ thing I've made as
I have only done VB in the past.
Visual Basic's capabilities are very
limiting so I wanna move on to a more
complex language. Thank You!
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1/15/2002 4:31:24 PM:Eric
This is Great! I'm native to VB and ASP
so this realy helps me out for
starters!
Thanks.
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1/15/2002 4:32:23 PM:Eric
I give you: (glob x 5)
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1/22/2002 6:30:53 PM:Tiki
Thanks for this great tutorial. I'm
taking Basic C. I've never programmed
before and the teacher moves so fast.
Thanks to you I'm actually starting to
understand. If you had loops and
bubblesort I could actually get an "A".
Thanks again.
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3/17/2002 5:40:12 AM:Sandro Heinzelmann
Great tutorial... Just one question:
i
did everything you said and it closes
the window to fast when i run it,so i
ran it in does. it does something but i
can't see the text. It's only a blank
line.
PS: I am a complete newbie...
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3/17/2002 5:41:27 AM:Sandro Heinzelmann
with "i ran it in does" i meant i ran
it in dos
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4/18/2002 7:09:39 AM:chuck otis
it is ausom that someone is willing to
have stuff an absolute beginner can
start to learn with. I am using win95
and got an error message that said does
not recognize the code.
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5/9/2002 2:19:22 AM:Steel
if you want it to stay open:
#include
<stdio.h>
then at the bottom
put a
cout:
cout <<
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5/9/2002 2:23:37 AM:Steel
uhh the whole thing didn't post, if
I
did something wrong someone let me
know
lol
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5/10/2002 10:23:38 PM:Alan
This tutorial rocks. I'm a newbie, and
I don't understand all this confusing
code...but I'm learning. Thanks!
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5/11/2002 5:17:37 PM:Tommy
To do a pause at the end of your
program (or anywhere else in your
program) include <stdlib.h> and then
write "system("PAUSE");" w/o the outer
quotes where you want a pause. Dev c++
adds this in whenever you create a new
file and VC++ (microsoft visual C++)
does this without any coding by you (at
least it does in version 6.0 which is
all that i have used). hope this helps.
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5/22/2002 9:11:26 PM:Jerry
Where is the second tutorial?
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5/22/2002 9:44:51 PM:Jared Devall
Hmm? Everyone want and expecting a 2nd
one? ( if you do, give me ideas. simple
basic stuff... since this is beginner )
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6/2/2002 3:43:08 AM:nightwolf
Hey man. Im really glad that u took the
time and tought some noobs like me 2
get the most important part -
START.
Im v. v. grateful. 5 points
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6/12/2002 5:49:50 AM:ayham
wondeful words can't speak my mind it's
an excelent explaining for the (Hello
World)Program no one can explain it
much more thank you man.
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6/19/2002 12:25:12 AM:Devin
I am absolutely, completely new in any
kind of programming except HTML. I
can't figure out how to compile the
code. when I open the Dev-c++, it
looks just like the My Computer screen.
There is no compile icon and no way to
make a new file. Please help.
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6/19/2002 12:26:26 AM:Devin
But the tutorial was great with the
code.
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7/11/2002 12:17:26 AM:hani
I still get confused with
#include<iostream> and
#include<iostream.h>
What the
difference???
Please help me.
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7/15/2002 9:49:59 PM:(V)enace
for some reason Im getting an error
when trying to compile this
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7/28/2002 6:34:50 PM:Mngsk
Great tutorial, Im waiting for the
second one.
I found a Hello Wolrd!
sample in Dev-C++ and it is a little
different and the window doesnt close.
Can you tell me something about it?
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7/30/2002 7:11:32 PM:Juan C
Good article. It goes to the point.
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9/18/2002 10:43:12 AM:
I'm just beginning C++ and I've
searched online for tutorials but this
one by far is the most easy to
understand tutorial for beginners. I
Know a hell of alot more than I did
before I read and studied youre
article.THANKS ALOT
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9/30/2002 8:06:55 AM:
why does some c and c++ programs always
close when you run it? making it
impossible to view the results, unless
u stick a getch() before closing the
program. Any thoughts? Thanx.
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9/30/2002 10:45:04 PM:
Thanks for this. I'm only thirteen and
most of the tutorials out there are
using big words like syntext,
parenthesis, ect. 5 Stars
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10/7/2002 5:54:38 AM:
The tutorial is just fine for the
beginner. But if I want to print the
messeage " Hello world" to the
printer?
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10/18/2002 12:38:24 PM:
it is a brilliant tutorial and has
realy helped me
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